TONGA

The Tupou Dynasty

GENEALOGY

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Courtesy Tongan High Commission1845 - 1893 H.M. Sia’osi Taufa’ahau Tupou [George Tupou I], By the grace of God, King of Tonga. b. at Niu‘ui, Lifuka, Ha’apai, 4th December 1797, as Maeakafa Nginigini Ofolanga, only surviving son of H.H. Tupouto’a, 17th Tu’i Konokupolo, by his first wife, Taufa Ho’amofaleono, daughter of Malu’otaufa, 4th Ma’afu-‘o-Tukui’aulahi, of Vaini. Given the name of rsquo;ahau, after he was saved from a serious illness by the deity Taufa’itahi, of ‘Ahau. Appointed as Tu’i Ha’apai by his father in 1820, and continued to hold that territory after his death. Defeated Laufilitonga, Tu’i Tonga, at the battle of Velata in 1826. Baptised with the name of Sia’osi (George), in honour of the late King George III, 7th August 1831. Succeeded his father-in-law as Tu’i Vava’u 1833. Proclaimed the end of serfdom in his domains in 1835. Published the Vava’u Code 16th May 1838, and publicly promulgated at Pouono, Neiafu, Vava’u, 20th November 1839, the first written laws in Tonga. Succeeded on the death of his uncle as the 19th Tu’i Konokupolo, 19th November 1845 (confirmed by the chiefs 2nd December 1845). Installed at the Pangai Green, Kolovai, Tongatapu, taking the title of Tupou, 4th December 1845. Recognised as ‘O Tu’i Tonga thereafter. Established his capital at Nuku’alofa. Removed the capital to Lifuka in 1847 but returned to Nuku’alofa in 1851. Defeated the last of his opponents at Bea and consolidated his position as undisputed ruler of all Tonga, 10th August 1852. Visited Australia and New Zealand in 1853. Concluded a Treaty of Peace and Friendship with Napoleon III, Emperor of the French, 9th January 1855 (thereby securing the first recognition as King of Tonga as well as Tongan independence by a world power). Abolished serfdom throughout Tonga (the Edict of Emancipation) and established the first Parliament 4th June 1862. Installed at Vava’u as the 40th Tu’i Tonga, 1865. Confirmed as ‘O Tu’i Tonga (King of All Tonga) on the establishment of the first written constitution, 4th November 1875. As King-in-Parliament, declared himself Tu’i Ha’atakalaua 1895 (thus uniting all three ancient kingly titles in his person). General and C-in-C of the forces 4/11/1875-1893. Entered into treaty relations with France (1855), Germany (1876), Britain (1879) and the USA (1886). Established the Wesleyan Free Church and made it the state church of Tonga, 1885. Founder and Sovereign of the Royal Order of King George Tupou I in four classes after 1882. Rcvd: Knt of the Order of the Red Eagle of Prussia 1st class (18.7.1878). m. (first) ca. 1823 (repudiated 1834) Finau Kaunanga, eldest daughter of Finau-‘Ulukalala-‘i-Pouno-Tuapasi’i Sefaria, Tu’i Vava’u and 3rd Finau-‘Ulukalala, by his first wife, Tupouto’a, daughter of H.H. Tupou Lahisi’, 10th Tu’i Konokupolo. m. (second) 1833 (pagan rite) and 27th March 1834 (Christian rite), H.M. Queen Salote Lupe Pau‘u [H.M. Queen Charlotte] (b. 1815; d. at the Royal Palace, Nuku’alofa, Tongatapu, 8th September 1889, in her 75th year, bur. Mala’e Lahi, ‘Uiha, Ha’apai), former wife of H.H. Samuelio Fatafehi Laufilitonga, 39th Tu’i Tonga, younger daughter of Tamatau’hala, Makamalohi, by his wife Hala‘evalu Mohe’ofo, daughter of Finau-‘Ulukalala-‘i-Feletoa, Tu’i Vava’u and 2nd Finau-‘Ulukalala. He had previously married several secondary wives (a) ca. 1823 (repudiated 1834) Kalolaine Fusimatalili [‘Caroline Fusi the bad tempered’] (m. second, Tu’ia Pakai, by whom she had further issue), daughter of ‘Ufimatamoana, Fusitu’a, by his wife, Tu’imatamoana, daughter of Kamoto. m. (b) ca. 1826 (repudiated 1834) Selia Pasikole, daughter of Sione Hikehika’imoa To’imoana, by his wife, Fielea Tofilau, daughter of Sosifa Tokolahikovi. m. (c) 1824 (repudiated June 1832) Salata [Charlotte] (b. at Monono, Samoa, ca 1812), daughter of High Chief Tuilaepa Matetau, of Monono, Samoa. He d. at the Royal Palace, Nuku’alofa, Tongatapu, 18th February 1893 (bur. Mala’e Kula, Tongatapu), having had issue, four sons and a daughter:
H.M. George Tupou I, also had issue: Copyright© Christopher Buyers
  • 4) Sosaia Sipu Vungakoto [Josiah Sebu] (s/o Fusipongi Laukau, daughter of Fakitu’u, 2nd Falekaono). Baptised with the name of Sia’osia (Josiah), 7th August 1831. He d. at Nuku’alofa, Tongatapu, before 30th August 1893, having had issue, a natural daughter:
    • a) Taipo. m. David Jaffa Solomon (b. at Auckland, New Zealand, 1859), educ. Fort Street Sch, Sydney, NSW, Australia, a British Jew with business interests in New Zealand, Samoa and Tonga, settled in Fiji 1879, auctioneer and commission agent, Warden of Levuka 1900-1901, Mbr Levuka Municipal Council, Levuka Sch Brd, Sec Levuka Chamber of Commerce, Mayor of Levuka 1910-1911 & 1922-1925, eldest son of The Hon Philip Samuel Solomon, QC, JP, sometime MLC, Attorney-Gen of Fiji, and Warden of Levuka, by his wife, Catherine, daughter of Philip Joseph Cohen, of Sydney, NSW, Australia. She had issue, one son and three daughters (who all settled in New Zealand).
  • 5) ‘Isileli Tupou. b. at Ha’apai, 15th August 1827 (s/o Selia Pasikole). Baptised with the name of ‘Isileli 7th August 1831. m. (first) 1850, Veisinia Moalapau‘u (b. 1825; d. 1885), daughter of The Hon Onetangata Kemoe’atu, Fulivai, by his second wife, The Hon ‘Ilaisa’ane Tupou‘Ahau, daughter of Palu Ma’eliu’aki Fatu-ki-motulalo [Fatu], Chief of the Mu’a and Heir to the Tu’i Ha’a Takala‘ua title. m. (second) Princess Lavinia Veiongo Mahanga (b. at Ha’apai, 10th November 1828; m. second, The Hon ‘Inoke Matafonua Fotu, sometime Judge of Vava’u, and d. at Nuku’alofa, Tongatapu, 7th April 1907, bur. Langi Paepae-‘o-Tele’a, Lapaha, Mu’a, leaving a further three sons and three daughters – see Tonga (Tupou) and Tonga (Tu’i Ha’a Takala‘ua)), daughter of H.H. Samuelio Fatafehi Laufilitonga, 39th Tu’ Tonga, by his second wife, Luseane Halaevalu Mata’aho, Mohe’ofo, daughter of Tupouto’a, 17th Tu’i Kanokupulu. He d.v.p. at sea, before 1893, having had issue, one son and one daughter:
    • a) Sione Tupouto’a (Matei’alona), 1st Tupouto’a (cre. 5th January 1921). b. in Vava’u, 1852 (s/o Veisinia), educ. Tupou Coll, Nafualu, Nuku’alofa, Tongatapu, and Auckland, New Zealand. Disinherited under the terms of the first written constitution, 4th November 1875. Exiled to Fiji and Samoa 1887-1890, Governor of Ha‘apai 1897-1904 and 1918-1924, Prime Minister & Minister for Foreign Affairs 1905-1912, Minister for Lands 1924-1925. m. The Hon Sela Kata Nau Tupouto’a (d.s.p. from cancer, 5th June 1921). He d.s.p.l. at Fai-‘a-koka, Nuku’alofa, Tongatapu, 15th September 1925 (bur. Mala’e ‘Aloa), having had issue, a natural daughter by Olivia Hifo’luiha (b. ca. 1863; d. 27th January 1932):Copyright© Christopher Buyers
      • i) Ema Luisa Manu. b. at Felemea, Ha’apai, 21st August 1879. m. 1904, Herbert James Hozier Brown (b. at Auckland, New Zealand, 5th November 1872; m. second, at Nuku’alofa, 1923, Tina Katalina Tofaeono,band d. at Pangai, Ha’apai, 30th October 1951), son of William Thomas Brown, by his wife, Elizabeth Charlotte, daughter of George William White, of Matata, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. She d. at Matahiva, Nuku’alofa, Tongatapu, 14th April 1972 (bur. Mala’e’a Loa), having had issue, four sons and five daughters.
    • a) Mele Tupou Mohe’ofo Tupou. b. at Mua, 1860 (or 20th July 1871?) (d/o Princess Lavinia Veiongo). Baptised into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, at Tongatapu, 15th July 1911. m. (first) Ratu The Hon Josefa Lalabalavu, 9th Tuši Cakau (b. at Cakaudrove, Fiji 1st November 1860; d. at Somosomo, Taveuni, 6th June 1905, bur. there), educ. Morven Coll, Double Bay, Sydney, NSW, succeeded on the death of his father 11th April 1879, installed as Roko Tui Cakaudrove at Wairiki, August 1880, MLC April-June 1905, elder son of Ratu Quleanavanua, 8th Tu’i Cakau, of Cakaudrove, by his principal wife, Adi ‘Elenoa Mila, a daughter of King Cakobau (**). m. (second) Viavia Sueuga Manuma, of Tutuila, Samoa, by whom she had one son. m. (third) Siale ‘Ataongo [Charles Ma’afu], only son of Ratu ‘Enele Ma–afu–o-Tušitonga, Tu–i Lau, by his wife, Adi Elenoa Gataialupe, daughter of The Hon Lutui, Fakatulolo. She d. in the influenza epidemic, at Nuku–alofa, Tongatapu, 24th November 1918 (bur. Langi Paepae-‘o-Tele’a, Lapaha, Mu’a), having had issue, one daughter by her first husband, one daughter by her second, and a son by King George II – see above and below.
  • 'Isileli Tupou, had further issue, a natural son and daughter by Nanise Lepolo:
    • b) 'Uiliami Lausi'i Tupou. b. ca. 1850. m. (first) Pau Taisia. m. (second) 1931, Ngakiloumaile Alipete (b. 30th September 1910), natural daughter of The Hon Solomone 'Otukolo, 'Ahome'e of Ha'avakatolo, by Mele. He had issue, a son:
      • i) Tevita Lausi'i Tausinga. b. 18th June 1880 (s/o Pau Taisia). He d. 26th February 1953.
    • c) Lepolo Tupou. b. ca. 1852.
  • 2) Milika Tupou. b. ca. 1821 (d/o Selia Pasikole).
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** Although it has proved impossible to identify this individual properly, the only Tu'i Cakau during this period was: Ratu The Hon Josefa Lalabalavu, Tu'i Cakau. b. 1st November 1860, elder son of Ratu Quleanavanua, Tu'i Cakau, of Cakaudrove, by his wife, Adi Elenoa, a daughter of King Cakobau, educ. Morven Coll., Double Bay, Sydney, NSW. Appointed as Roko Tui Cakaudrove 1880, MLC April-June 1905. m. 1880, Adi Furi (d. 1903), a lady from "the Royal House of Tonga". He d. at Somosomo, Taveuni, 6th June 1905 (bur. there), having had issue, one son and two daughters by Adi Furi:
  • 1) Ratu Glanville Wellington Lalabalavu. b. ca. 1896. Appointed as Roko Tui Cakaudrove 1925. m. Adi Susu (d. at Suva, 5th April 1961). He d. 1946, having had issue, one son:
    • a) Ratu Josefa Ratavo Lalabalavu. Appointed as Roko Tui Cakaudrove 1946. He had issue, two sons:
      • i) Ratu Glanville Wellington Lalabalavu, Tu'i Cakau. b. 1929. Installed as 15th Tu'i Cakau 1993. He d. at Suva, 29th October 1999 (bur. Somosomo, Taveuni), having had issue, a son:
        • (1) Ratu The Hon Naiqama Lalabalavu. Installed as 16th Tu'i Cakau, of Cakaudrove, 8th May 2001. MP for Cakaudrove 2001-2005, Minister for Lands & Minerals 2001-2005.
      • ii) Ratu Josefa Antonio Rabici.
  • 1) Adi … She d. young.
  • 2) Adi Taufa. b. 1894.
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Copyright© Christopher Buyers, May 2001 - June 2024